Can Farming and Wildlife Coexist?

 Recent biodiversity decline can be partially attributed to agricultural causes, but a new film from Jon Bowermaster profiles local efforts to improve the ecology of farming.

Farming is ever-evolving: especially true here in the Hudson Valley these days, where farms big and small are booming, and many are experimenting with new ways.

Today, when we think about what’s to come next for farmers, a key question is: “How do we produce food, ensure that farmers can make a living, while at the same time respecting the needs of other organisms that share the land?” 

For the past four years, the Applied computer engineer vs computer science Ecology Research Collaborative program, based at the Hudson Valley Farm Hub in Hurley, has deployed a team of scientists and researchers to monitor soil, water, and wildlife to discover how—to prove?—that farming and wildlife can coexist.

My film company, Oceans 8 Films, spent six months in 2019 observing and monitoring the research done by the collaborative team, which represents a sizable swath of Hudson Valley scientists and farmers, from Hawthorne Valley, Bard College, SUNY New Paltz, Hudsonia, and the Hudson Valley Farm Hub. Our short film is called, simply, “Farmscape Ecology,” and it’s the latest in our Hudson River Stories series. The film profiles the various partners as they dig into how changes in everything from where you plant native flowers and how many insects are collected to the moisture and microbiology of the soil can impact crop growth.

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Digital technology a lifeline for small business

 From retailers and restaurants to government agencies, digital technology has provided the lifeline between them and the people they serve, and has been a key strategy for enabling contactless and COVID-free interactions.

According to Chris Duckett, Editor of ZDNet Australia and TechRepublic Australia at CBS Interactive, the digitisation of the Australian economy has accelerated to a pace where in just six months it achieved what might have otherwise taken a handful of years.

"You are seeing businesses have to have a delivery strategy if they need to get goods to customers," Duckett said. "If you are in a work environment or an office environment, you have to have a remote work policy these days. And many people have probably had in the last few months their first difference between computer engineering and computer science consultation.

"These sorts of things are really embedding themselves in the way businesses are operating in Australia at the moment, and it is going to be interesting to see how many of them stick."This trend in Australia is being echoed in other parts of the world. The US-based Editor in Chief of ZDNet and Editorial Director at TechRepublic Larry Dignan said one of the biggest changes in the US business landscape has been the adoption of digital payments, which has in turn provided a huge boost to technology suppliers such as Square and Shopify.

Five Discoveries Made By Women That Were Credited To Men

 As Virginia Woolf famously said, “I would venture to guess that Anon, who wrote so many poems without signing them, was often a woman.” Historically speaking, women have often been side-lined, either due to peer pressure, lack of opportunity, or flat-out sexism. And many times, women who made discoveries weren’t given credit for their work. Be it the early codes of computer programming, the discovery of the DNA double helix structure, or the splitting the atom, men have mostly claimed those advancements as their own.

These men merely didn’t steal women’s ideas. They published them under their own names, won prizes for them, earned millions from them, became noteworthy men of their time, and computer science vs computer programming in retrospect. While the women whose insight, and intelligence they appropriated ended up merely being footnoted, both in reality and through the lens of history. Here is a list of five such things invented by women that were credited to men.

The scientist duo Watson and Crick are credited with uncovering the double helix formation that would catapult the understanding of human DNA. But the hidden fact is that it was Rosalind Franklin who, while researching at King’s College in 1951, took the X-Ray photographs of DNA double-helix structure. In fact, she presented the photographs in a conference before Watson and Crick’s groundbreaking publication, which itself stands to prove that they were not the first ones to discover it.

Argonne Scientists Use Reinforcement Learning to Train Quantum Algorithm

 Recent advancements in quantum computing have driven the scientific community’s quest to solve a certain class of complex problems for which quantum computers would be better suited than traditional supercomputers. To improve the efficiency with which quantum computers can solve these problems, scientists are investigating the use of artificial intelligence approaches.

In a new study, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory have developed a new algorithm based on reinforcement learning to find the optimal parameters for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), which allows a quantum computer to solve certain computer science vs information technology problems such as those that arise in materials design, chemistry and wireless communications.

“It’s a bit like having a self-driving car in traffic; the algorithm can detect when it needs to make adjustments in the ​‘dials’ it uses to do the computation,” said Argonne computer scientist Prasanna Balaprakash.

“Combinatorial optimization problems are those for which the solution space gets exponentially larger as you expand the number of decision variables,” said Argonne computer scientist Prasanna Balaprakash. ​“In one traditional example, you can find the shortest route for a salesman who needs to visit a few cities once by enumerating all possible routes, but given a couple thousand cities, the number of possible routes far exceeds the number of stars in the universe; even the fastest supercomputers cannot find the shortest route in a reasonable time.”

Computer Scientists Attempt to Corner the Collatz Conjecture

 In the last few years, Marijn Heule has used a computerized proof technique called SAT solving (where SAT stands for “satisfiability”) to conquer an impressive list of math problems: The Pythagorean triples problem in 2016, Schur number 5 in 2017 and now Keller’s conjecture in dimension seven — a result that Quanta covered in our recent article, “Computer Search Settles 90-Year-Old Math Problem.”

But Heule, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University, has set his sights on an even more ambitious target: the how much do computer scientists make conjecture, considered by many to be the most notorious open problem in mathematics (if also one of the simplest to state). When I mentioned to other mathematicians that Heule was attempting this, their first response was incredulity.

“I don’t see how you’d ever completely solve it using SAT solving,” said Thomas Hales of the University of Pittsburgh, a leader in the field of computer proofs. The technique effectively helps mathematicians solve problems — some with infinite possibilities — by turning them into discrete, finite problems.